Ayurvedic Management of Polyendocrine Metabolic Ovarian Syndrome (PMOS) in a Patient with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): A Case Study

Abstract

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common and complex endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age. It is characterised by varying combinations of androgen excess, ovulatory dysfunction, and polycystic ovarian morphology, resulting in diverse reproductive, metabolic, endocrine, and cosmetic manifestations. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is one of the leading causes of menstrual irregularity and anovulatory infertility and is also associated with long-term metabolic complications. Due to its heterogeneous presentation and absence of a single definitive diagnostic marker, the Rotterdam criteria are widely used for diagnosis. According to the Rotterdam consensus, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is diagnosed when at least two of three criteria are present: oligo-ovulation or anovulation, clinical or biochemical hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovarian morphology. Polycystic ovaries are defined by the presence of ≥12 follicles measuring 2–9 mm in diameter and/or an ovarian volume greater than 10 mL in at least one ovary. According to the Ayurvedic perspective, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) can be correlated with Artava Kshaya (diminution or disturbance of menstrual function) based on its clinical manifestations. In Ayurvedic scriptures, gynaecological disorders are primarily described under the broader concept of Yonivyapada, which encompasses various disorders affecting the female reproductive system. In this case study, we will discuss a case of a 35-year-old female who had Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), which was managed by Ayurvedic medicines.